Understanding Your Testosterone Levels: A Guide to Testing and What They Mean

Testosterone, often called the primary male sex hormone, plays a vital role in men's health beyond just libido. It influences everything from muscle mass and bone density to mood, energy levels, and even red blood cell production. When these levels fall out of balance, it can significantly impact well-being.

If you've been wondering about your testosterone, how it's checked, or what low levels might mean, you're not alone. Here's a straightforward guide to help you understand testosterone testing.

Why Should You Consider Checking Testosterone Levels?

Many men experience a natural, gradual decline in testosterone as they age, typically starting around the age of 30 [1]. However, a more significant drop or consistently low levels can lead to a range of symptoms that impact quality of life. These symptoms can be subtle and often overlap with other conditions, making testing important for diagnosis.

Common symptoms that might prompt a testosterone test include:

• Reduced libido (sex drive)

• Erectile dysfunction

• Fatigue and decreased energy levels

• Loss of muscle mass and strength

• Increased body fat

• Decreased bone density (leading to osteoporosis)

• Mood changes, such as irritability or depression

• Difficulty concentrating and memory problems

• Hair loss

If you are experiencing a combination of these symptoms, discussing a testosterone test with your GP is a sensible next step.

How is Testosterone Tested?

Checking your testosterone levels is straightforward. It involves a simple blood test.

For the most accurate results, the test is typically performed in the morning (usually between 7 am and 10 am), as testosterone levels are highest at this time of day [2]. Your doctor may recommend repeat testing on a separate day to confirm any abnormal results, as levels can fluctuate.

What Do Your Testosterone Levels Mean?

Your test results will indicate your total testosterone level. Normal ranges can vary slightly between laboratories, but generally, for adult men, typical reference ranges might be between 8 and 25 nmol/L (nanomoles per litre) [2, 3].

• Low Testosterone (Hypogonadism): If your levels consistently fall below the normal range, particularly with accompanying symptoms, you may be diagnosed with low testosterone, also known as hypogonadism.

• Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT): If diagnosed with clinically significant low testosterone and relevant symptoms, your doctor might discuss treatment options, which could include Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). TRT aims to restore testosterone levels to a healthy range and alleviate symptoms. However, it's a treatment that requires careful consideration of benefits and risks, and should always be prescribed and monitored by a specialist [4].

It's crucial to remember that a single test result isn't always enough to make a diagnosis. Your doctor will interpret your results in conjunction with your symptoms, medical history, and other relevant tests.

How to Get Tested for Testosterone

There are a couple of common pathways for getting your testosterone levels checked:

1. Through the NHS (Your GP): If you are experiencing symptoms suggestive of low testosterone, your first step should be to book an appointment with your General Practitioner (GP). They can assess your symptoms, discuss your medical history, and if deemed clinically appropriate, refer you for a blood test on the NHS. Further investigation or referral to an endocrinologist (hormone specialist) would follow if needed [2].

2. At-Home or Private Testosterone Tests: Many private clinics and online services offer at-home testosterone testing kits or private blood draws. These services can provide a convenient way to get an initial reading of your levels.

   
   

   • At-home kits typically involve a finger-prick blood sample that you collect yourself and send to a lab.

   • Private clinics offer phlebotomy (blood drawing) services in person.

While convenient, it's vital to remember that these tests provide a number, but professional medical interpretation is still essential. If your private test results indicate low levels or cause concern, you should always discuss them with your GP or a specialist for proper diagnosis and management.

Price of Testosterone Test

The cost of a private testosterone test can vary depending on the provider and whether it's an at-home kit or a clinic blood draw. Generally, you can expect to pay anywhere from £40 to £100 for a single total testosterone test privately. More comprehensive hormone panels that include other related markers will cost more.

Important Considerations

While knowing your testosterone levels can be enlightening, it's just one piece of the puzzle. It's crucial to:

• Focus on Symptoms, Not Just Numbers: A low number without symptoms may not require treatment, and conversely, symptoms might be due to other conditions even with normal testosterone.

• Seek Professional Medical Advice: Always discuss your symptoms and test results with your GP or a hormone specialist. Self-diagnosing or self-treating based solely on test results can be dangerous.

• Consider Lifestyle: Diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management all play a role in hormone balance.

If you have concerns about your energy levels, mood, or any of the symptoms mentioned, speak to your healthcare provider. Understanding your testosterone levels is a significant step towards optimising your overall health and well-being.

References

[1] NHS. (n.d.). Low testosterone (male hypogonadism). Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-testosterone-male-hypogonadism/

[2] British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice. (2024). Male hypogonadism: Diagnosis. Retrieved from https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/69 (Note: This is a professional resource, but outlines diagnostic approach).

[3] Pathology Harmony. (n.d.). Testosterone - Total. Retrieved from https://www.pathologyharmony.co.uk/test-information/testosterone-total/ (Note: This is a reference for harmonised pathology ranges in the UK).

[4] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2015, amended 2023). Testosterone deficiency in men: assessment and management (QS164). Retrieved from https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs164